Linux World

1. LINUX is a Unix-like computer operating system. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free software and open source development; its underlying source code can be modified, used, and redistributed by anyone, freely. To know everything about linux visit the links below.

Why Linux
Everything about LINUX
Linux News

2. Linux Distribution (Distro): A Linux distribution, often simply distribution or distro, is a member of the Linux family of Unix-like operating systems comprising the Linux kernel, the non-kernel parts of the GNU operating system, and assorted other software. Linux distributions take a variety of forms, from fully-featured desktop and server operating systems to minimal environments (typically for use in embedded systems, or for booting from a floppy). There are currently over three hundred Linux distribution projects in active development, constantly revising and improving their respective distributions. To know about the ranking of distros and their performance visit the site below. It has a list of all the distros available and you can also download the distros of your choice from this site. It also has the ranking for the linux versions available.

Linux Distros

3. Unix/Linux Commands: A Command Line Interface or CLI is a method of interacting with an operating system or software using a command line interpreter. This command line interpreter may be a text terminal, terminal emulator, or remote shell client such as PuTTY.

The links below have a complete unix/linux commands with examples.

Unix/Linux Commands
Unix Toolbox - Collection of Unix/Linux/BSD/Solaris commands and tasks which are useful for IT work or for advanced users
Unix Practical - Practice unix without even installing it. Check out this cool feature.
Linux Commands ( A to Z)
Unix Course Online

4. Debian/Ubuntu :

Audio Converter - Perl Audio converter for converting multiple audio types.
Multimedia Encoders/Decoders - Visit this link for multimedia encoders/decoders.

5. Migration towards Ext4 file system:

Ext4 is a new file system in development, which is going to replace the current Ext3 file system in use in Linux now. For more details read the below article on Ext4 file system.

Ext4 File system

6. GDB Debugger:

GDB, the GNU Project debugger, is a very good debugging tool which allows you to see what is going on inside another program while it executes or what another program was doing at the moment it crashed.

It is a very nice tool which helps to find out where exactly the code crashed. This tool comes with all linux operating systems and is useful for debugging the C/C++ codes executed using the gcc compiler.

GDB can do four main kinds of things (plus other things in support of these) to help you catch bugs in the act:

• Start your program, specifying anything that might affect its behavior.
• Make your program stop on specified conditions.
• Examine what has happened, when your program has stopped.
• Change things in your program, so you can experiment with correcting the effects of one bug and go on to learn about another.

The program being debugged can be written in Ada, C, C++, Objective-C, Pascal (and many other languages). Those programs might be executing on the same machine as GDB (native) or on another machine (remote). GDB can run on most popular UNIX and Microsoft Windows variants.

For more information on how to use the gdb debugger go through the link below. Here one can find a step by step explanation of using the debugger tool. May be this can help you understand it better.

GDB Debugger Tutorial

Computer Programming

1. C: It is a general-purpose, block structured, procedural, imperative computer programming language developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unix operating system. It has since spread to many other platforms. Although predominantly used for system software, C is also widely used for applications. C has also greatly influenced many other popular languages, especially C++, which was designed as an enhancement to C. To know more about C programming visit the link below.

C Language

2. C++: It is a general-purpose, high-level programming language with low-level facilities. It is a statically typed free-form multi-paradigm language, supporting procedural programming, data abstraction, object-oriented programming, and generic programming. Since the 1990s, C++ has been one of the most popular commercial programming languages.

To Learn C++ easily visit the links below.

Learning C++ made easy
C++ Reference

3. Java: It is a programming language originally developed by Sun Microsystems and released in 1995. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode, although compilation to native machine code is also possible.The language, widely considered to be the most popular platform for web development, derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object model and fewer low-level facilities. For learning java programming go through the link below.

JAVA Programming

4. Shell Scripting : A shell script is a script written for the shell, or command line interpreter, of an operating system. It is often considered a simple domain-specific programming language. Typical operations performed by shell scripts include file manipulation, program execution, and printing text. The link below gives more information about unix shell scripting.

UNIX Shell Scripting

5. Perl : It is a dynamic programming language created by Larry Wall and first released in 1987. Perl borrows features from a variety of other languages including C, shell scripting (sh), AWK, sed and Lisp. More about perl in the link below.

PERL Programming

6. Algorithms: Algorithm is any well-defined computational procedure that takes some value, or set of values, as input and produces some value, or set of values as output." In other words, algorithms are like road maps for accomplishing a given, well-defined task. So, a chunk of code that calculates the terms of the Fibonacci sequence is an implementation of a particular algorithm. Even a simple function for adding two numbers is an algorithm in a sense, albeit a simple one.
The link below has lecture notes on introduction to algorithms. Please visit the link to gain a good knowledge on algorithms.

Introduction to Algorithms

7. TCL: Tcl is a software package which provides an extensible command-line interface and scripting language. Tcl is an acronym for Tool Command Language. The TCL language is normally interpreted, so TCL applications will normally not run as fast as equivalent C programs. For a large class of applications this is not a disadvantage, however, since the speed of processing of modern computer systems is more than adequate. Where speed of processing is essential, use can be made of a TCL compiler, or processing can be carried out in a compiled language, such as C or C++, and the user interface written in TCL.
The link below has a tutorial for learning TCL.

TCL Tutorial

8. W3Schools -- Interactive learning of many languages with examples.